Preterm deliveries may pose long-term stroke risk for mothers
由Michael Precker，美国心脏协会新闻
婴儿出生的婴儿可能比被带到术语的人面临更多的健康问题并不奇怪。
But new research suggests the same may apply to their mothers.
一项研究在美国心脏协会期刊周一出版循环展示婴儿早产的女性具有更高的卒中风险。“我不确定对此有很多意识，”凯西·克兰普博士说，谁领导了这项研究。
A full-term pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks. A birth earlier than 37 weeks is considered preterm. Crump said previous smaller studies had suggested an association between preterm deliveries and stroke, as well as high blood pressure, a main risk factor of stroke, "which sparked our interest in looking further."
So, researchers looked to Sweden, where a universal health care system "facilitates a really great collection of data," said Crump, a professor of family medicine and epidemiology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City.
The result was a study of nearly 2.2 million women who gave birth between 1973 and 2015, and diagnoses of stroke during the same years. By the end of the study, 36,372 participants – or 1.7% – had a stroke.
Even after accounting for other risk factors such as smoking, obesity and diabetes, the frequency of stroke was 42% higher among women with preterm deliveries compared with full-term. And the earlier in pregnancy the birth occurred, the greater the risk.
“这些风险在交货后10年的风险最高，但他们持续到40年后，”克拉姆说。“对我们来说最令人惊讶的是这些风险持续了这么久。”
According to the疾病预防与控制中心，美国的10个诞生中约有1个是早产。脑卒中发生，当大脑被剥夺血液和氧气时，会影响估计的795,000 people in the U.S.each year. Crump said the study's findings apply both to ischemic stroke, when a blockage obstructs an artery carrying blood to the brain, and hemorrhagic stroke, when a blood vessel ruptures in the brain.
“这是一个极其有影响力的研究，”洛杉矶大学凯克医学院神经内科副教授Amytis Towfighi博士说。她没有参与新的研究。“迄今为止最大的队列研究是看起来早产和中风之间的关联，它设计得很好。”
这项研究并没有做什么,Towfighi说,“是answer the question of why. It might have to do with inflammation or hypercoagulability (the tendency to form blood clots). But we still don't really know the causal mechanism."
Crump表示，他希望研究人员能够跟进更多的研究以弄清楚这些答案。“这也需要在其他地方和人群中复制，看这种种族和族裔群体是否有所不同。”
In the meantime, however, both doctors agree women who had preterm births and their clinicians should heed the warning about the increased risk of stroke long-term.
Towfighi说医生“可以劝告他们确保他们吃健康的饮食，从事身体活动，避免吸烟，并定期检查，以筛选高血压，糖尿病和高胆固醇，从而可以开始预防药物，降低他们中风的风险。“
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